BRYAN CASH
Film is the only way to do true photography and make beautiful pictures. But this has been forgotten by too many people in this increasingly artificial and senseless culture. The following quotes explain some of why only film emulsions can record the earthy textures, gradations, colors, and depth that create the correct aesthetic.
There was a period from the 1980s to the early 2000s when photomultiplier tube (PMT) drum scanning with analog-to-digital conversion was used in an acceptable way as an intermediate in the process of taking the film recording to printed form with laser-exposed silver gelatin or traditional offset lithography printing (and can still be done in the same way, by those that care about quality and recognize the limits of the usefulness of digital technology), but the original must always be film.
Steven Spielberg has described, “film photography is a chemical miracle”, and I think this portrays well the unique ability of film emulsions to capture images of reality. For any picture that is meant to be beautiful or meaningful, the recording must be made on film.
And a web page on cinematography
Erwin Puts:
Most people assume that digital photography (a huge misnomer) is simply photography by other means than the use of film and chemicals. ... This attitude is not only widespread it is the conventional wisdom worldwide. Being universally accepted does not make it true.
The essence of film-based photography is not only the fact that the mechanism of capturing an image and fixing it in a silver halide grain structure creates a final picture that can hardly be altered. The fundamental issue here is the fact that the laws of physics create the image, in particular by the characteristics of light rays and the interaction between photons and silver halide grains. Photography is writing with light, and fixing the shadows.
Photography is not only intimately linked to the use of film, but in fact depends for its very existence on film.
The scene we want to photograph exists and is real: the scene emits electromagnetic energy that is collected by the lens and is transmitted as wave fronts that are captured on a recording medium consisting of silver halide grain clumps. Image formation then is physical and the image recorded by wave fronts in the emulsion layer is molded and fixed in the structure and distribution of the grain clumps.
Film has a more human texture, an emotional weight that can be seen ... Celluloid imagery is real and it shines through the grain of the film, the subtle colour space and the depth of the image. It is this sense of reality that is the defining characteristic of silver halide photography.
Reality is too valuable to leave it to digital technology to tell us how it looks.
J. Riley Stewart:
Digital photography is the worst thing that could have happened to photography as art.
There was a time when most people who took pictures truly wanted the picture to be “good”.
Digital is a plastic technology. Digital photography is very “digital”. Our eyes don’t see things in digital format, they see things in analog format. So does film, by the way, it responds to light in analog form. With digital image capture we get super crisp lines and sharp transitions between colors. Perhaps the best way of characterizing this effect is “plastic”. Yet our eyes see and interpret lines and colors having smooth transitions. If you want to produce images that most closely mimic what our eyes and brains see, you must capture the subject using an analog technology, not a digital one.
Peter Lindbergh:
Digital photography looks heartless and terrible.
Cellulose triacetate film in 135 (35mm) and 120 (6x6cm, etc.) formats:
- Color transparency
- Kodak Ektachrome E100 (polyester base on 120 format)
- Fujichrome Provia 100F (rarely available nowadays)
- Fujichrome Velvia 50 (rarely available nowadays)
- Color negative
- Kodak Ektar 100
- Kodak Portra 160
- Kodak Portra 400
- Black & white negative (traditional grain structure)
- Kodak Tri-X 400
- Ilford Pan F Plus 50
- Ilford FP4 Plus 125
- Ilford HP5 Plus 400
- Rollei RPX 100 (made by Ilford)
- Rollei RPX 400 (made by Ilford)
New film camera equipment in 2025:
- Leica rangefinder cameras (135, 35mm film)
- MP
- M-A
- M6
- Lenses for Leica rangefinder cameras
- Leica M lenses (also vintage Leica and Leitz lenses)
- Zeiss ZM lenses (made by Cosina in Japan)
- Voigtländer VM lenses (made by Cosina in Japan)
- Lens adapters for Leica rangefinder cameras
- Rayqual L-M adapter to use vintage thread mount lenses on Leica M-series cameras (choose the silver chrome model, because the black chrome model has fluorocarbon coating)
- Light Lens Lab LTM-M adapter to use vintage thread mount lenses on Leica M-series cameras
- Linhof and Alpa technical cameras (120, 6x7cm and 6x9cm film) and the excellent Linhof Super Rollex rollfilm backs to fit them are still made, but the lenses with Copal mechanical shutters will have to be obtained secondhand nowadays
Exposure meters:
- Gossen
- Digipro F2 (AA 1.5V Alkaline battery)
- Sixtomat F2 (AA 1.5V Alkaline battery)
- Sekonic
- L-308X-U (AA 1.5V Alkaline battery)
- L-398A (classic model, analog, no battery)
Lens filters:
- Hoya
- Skylight 1B
- Black & white filters, including X0 Yellow-Green
- W-series Umber Warming and C-series Blue Cooling, including models that can correct tungsten film to daylight (W12) and correct daylight film to tungsten light (C12)
- Zeiss
- UV
- Fujifilm
- Clear Protector
Tripods and heads:
- Berlebach (unfinished wood by special request)
- Linhof (wood and aluminum)
- Foba (aluminum)
Cable releases:
- Linhof
- Silvestri
- Nikon
- AR-3 (if you can find it)
Loupes:
- Silvestri
- 5054 4x (45mm field of view)
- 5056 6x (35mm field of view)
- 5058 8x (45mm field of view)
- Peak
- 1990-4 Anastigmat 4x (58mm field of view)
- 1990-7 Anastigmat 7x (41mm field of view)
- 2038 Achromatic 4x (45x45mm field of view)
Light boxes:
- GTI
- GL transparency viewers
- GTI Graphiclite 100, 5000 Kelvin fluorescent lamps
- GL transparency viewers
- JUST Normlicht
- Classic Line transparency viewers
- JUST daylight 5000 proGraphic, 5000 Kelvin fluorescent lamps
- Smart Light 5000 transparency viewers
- JUST daylight 5000 proGraphic, 5000 Kelvin fluorescent lamps
- Classic Line transparency viewers
- Kaiser
- Prolite Scan SC transparency viewers
- Dulux, 5400 Kelvin fluorescent lamps
- Prolite Scan SC transparency viewers
- Logan
- Tru-View 810 transparency viewer
- 5000 Kelvin fluorescent lamp
- most affordable model; not sure if replacement lamps are available
- Tru-View 810 transparency viewer
Slide mounts:
- Reflecta (135, 35mm film)
- CS2 slide mounts
- Kaiser (135, 35mm film)
- C.A.M-System-CS slide mounts (these are the Reflecta CS2)
Slide projectors:
- Braun (135, 35mm film)
- NOVAMAT E130
Cotton cloths for cleaning equipment and making pouches:
- Selvyt
- SR Type, cotton
- PR Type, cotton
- The small PR cloths are also nice for cleaning lenses and filters
Glassine or pergamyn paper envelopes, sleeves, and pages for film:
- Fotoimpex
- Hama
- Kaiser
- KLUG-CONSERVATION
- MACO (Hans O. Mahn)
- CTS Conservation
- Kenro (made in Germany now instead of England)
Archival paper envelopes and boxes for film, slides, and prints:
- KLUG-CONSERVATION, Germany
- CTS Conservation, Italy
- Conservation by Design, England
- Conservation Resources, England
- G. Ryder, England
- Preservation Equipment Ltd, England
- Gaylord Archival, United States
- Hollinger Metal Edge, United States
- Talas, United States
- University Products, United States
Leather photo albums:
- Abacus, Italy
- Giannini, Italy
- Il Papiro, Italy
- Asprey, England
- Pickett, England
- Lineco, black or ivory paper self-adhesive photo corners
- Smythson, black or white paper self-adhesive photo corners
- UHU stic, 98% natural glue stick (starch glue)
Darkroom, film and print processing equipment:
- JOBO
- Kaiser
- Hewes (stainless steel processing reels/spirals and spiral film loaders)
- Nova Darkroom / The Imaging Warehouse
- Paterson
Darkroom, chemicals:
- ADOX
- JOBO
- Moersch
- Bellini Foto
Darkroom, paper:
- Foma (also multigrade/variant filters)
- Ilford (also multigrade/variant filters)
- Slavich
- Fujifilm (color)
- Color compensating filters for making color prints on B&W enlarger:
- Kodak Wratten gelatin filters (not sure what base material is used)
- Silvestri polyester filters (similar thickness to Kodak Wratten)
- Arista RA-4 Color Filters (from Freestyle Photo), (least expensive)
Darkroom, enlargers/magnifiers and magnifying/masking frames:
- Kaiser (good)
- Kienzle (best), (custom-made possible)
- I recommend only the incandescent/halogen lamp heads and never the LED heads. Incandescent is the only good quality and natural looking electrical light, and LED is horrible.
- Perhaps also make your own masking frame with a custom-cut mat board frame hinged on a solid mat board
Darkroom, enlarging/magnifying lenses:
- Rodenstock
- Rodagon (good)
- Apo-Rodagon-N (best)
- Rodenstock, special use
- Rodagon-WA (section enlargements, large prints)
- Apo-Rodagon-D (scales around 1:1, transparency duplication)
Darkroom, enlarger/magnifier electronic timers:
- Kaiser
- Paterson
- RH Designs
- DLG Electronics (CatLABS for USA models)
Darkroom, mechanical stopwatches:
- Hanhart
- 112.0401-00 1/10 sec. crown stopper
- 122.0401-00 1/10 sec. addition timer
- 112.0101-00 1/5 sec. crown stopper
- 122.0101-00 1/5 sec. addition timer
- 115.0104-0S Robust 100 1/5 sec. crown stopper
- 125.0104-0S Robust 200 1/5 sec. addition timer
- The “Robust” models, which add chrome-plated brass buttons and mineral glass crystal, are the models that Hanhart suggests are “especially suitable for use in... photographic laboratories”. But I think the standard models with ABS plastic buttons and acrylic (aka Plexiglas) crystal would probably also be okay, as long as you are careful not to get the laboratory chemicals on them. And I like that in the standard models, 1/10 sec. is available.
Lab-size photographic processing equipment:
- Colenta (film and print processors)
- Polielettronica (silver halide printers)
- Noritsu (silver halide minilab printers)
- Fujifilm (silver halide minilab printers)
Scanning, film scanners using PMT:
- Labs looking to offer the highest quality might consider the old-school circa 1990s photomultiplier tube (PMT) drum scanners from Linotype-Hell and Heidelberg: the ChromaGraph, Primescan, and Tango models. These will have to be obtained secondhand and require a significant amount of accompanying hardware, old software, and operater knowledge and skill. The Howtek PMT scanners are also nice and still have software available from Aztek. Photomultiplier tubes with incandescent/halogen lamps are the oldest scanning type and still the best.
MMXXV — Home — Photography — Decorating — Publishing — Contact